§111 機械規格の分類

Machinery standards are classified into three types, A, B and C. The purpose of this classification is to enable the authors of standards for particular categories of machinery to refer to horizontal standards providing well tried technical solutions. The horizontal A and B-type standards can also help manufacturers designing machinery for which C-type standards are not available.

The nature of the presumption of conformity conferred by application of the harmonised standards of these three types must be distinguished:

A-type standards

A-type standards specify basic concepts, terminology and design principles applicable to all categories of machinery. Application of such standards alone, although providing an essential framework for the correct application of the Machinery Directive, is not sufficient to ensure conformity with the relevant essential health and safety requirements of the Directive and therefore does not give a presumption of conformity.

For example, the application of standard EN ISO 12100 ensures that the risk assessment is carried out according to the requirements of General Principle 1 of Annex I, but it is not sufficient to show that the protective measures taken by the manufacture to deal with the hazards presented by the machinery comply with the relevant essential health and safety requirements of Annex I.

B-type standards

B-type standards deal with specific aspects of machinery safety or specific types of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of categories of machinery. Application of the specifications of B-type standards confers a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the Machinery Directive that they cover when a C-type standard or the manufacturer's risk assessment shows that a technical solution specified by the B-type standard is adequate for the particular category or model of machinery concerned.

Application of B-type standards that give specifications for safety components that are independently placed on the market confers a presumption of conformity for the safety components concerned and for the EHSRs covered by the standards – see §42, comments on Article 2 (c).

C-type standards

C-type standards provide specifications for a given category of machinery such as, for example, mechanical presses, combine harvesters or compressors. The different types of machinery belonging to the category covered by a C-standard have a similar intended use and present similar hazards. C-type standards may refer to A or B-type standards, indicating which of the specifications of the A or B-type standard are applicable to the category of machinery concerned. When, for a given aspect of machinery safety, a C-type standard deviates from the specifications of an A or B- type standard, the specifications of the C-type standard take precedence over the specifications of the A or B-type standard.

Application of the specifications of a C-type standard confers a presumption of conformity with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive covered by the standard provided that the manufacturer has determined in his risk assessment that the scope and the significant hazards covered by the standard correspond with his actual machinery.

Certain C-type standards are organised as a series of several parts, Part 1 of the standard giving general specifications applicable to a family of machinery and other parts of the standard giving specifications for specific categories of machinery belonging to the family, supplementing or modifying the general specifications of Part 1. For C-type standards organised in this way, the presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the Machinery Directive is conferred by application of the general Part 1 of the standard together with the relevant specific part of the standard.

reduction (ISO 12100-1:2010).

Relationship with ISO 12100 - Part 1: How ISO 12100 relates to type-B and type-C standards (ISO/TR 22100-1:2015)